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EQUINE DENTAL ASSOCIATION
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HORSE DENTISTRY JOURNAL
WORLD WIDE EQUINE, INC.
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Dental problems shown on this website are actual cases from the
Academy of Equine Dentistry during class in the wet lab. To understand equine dental problems,
it is essential to recognize normal equine dentition. The following information illustrates
what is normal and identifies teeth, quadrants, and tooth numbers. The schedule of
dental care lists what to expect at different ages of the horse. To view dental problems please
click on any links listed under "Case Studies".
TOOTH IDENTIFICATION
QUADRANT NUMBERS
UNIVERSAL NUMBERING SYSTEMS
SCHEDULE OF DENTAL CARE
Early yearlings:
Float premolars.
Late yearlings:
Float premolars and first permanent molars that are in occlusion.
Extract wolf teeth and install bit seats on premolars before training.
Early 2-year old:
Float premolars.
Float premolars and first permanent molars is in occlusion.
Check eruption of first permanent molars.
Extract wolf teeth if present and install or maintain bit seats on premolars before training.
Late 2-year old:
Float premolars.
Float permanent molars in occlusion.
Remove retained second (#6) premolar caps and bit properly if in training.
Remove retained first (#1) incisor caps.
Check eruption of permanent molars.
Check eruption of incisors.
Extract wolf teeth if present and maintain or install bit seats on (#6) premolars if in training.
Early 3-year old:
Float premolars and maintain bit seats.
Float permanent molars in occlusion.
Remove retained third (#7) premolar caps.
Check eruption of second permanent molars.
Check eruption of incisors and watch for incisor problems.
Late 3-year old:
Float premolars and maintain bit seats.
Float permanent molars in occlusion.
Remove retained fourth (#8) premolar caps.
Check eruption of permanent molars.
Check eruption of incisors and remove second incisor caps.
Early 4-year old:
Float all molars and maintain bit seats.
Remove any retained molar caps.
Check eruption of third permanent molars.
Watch for retained cap slivers or splinters and deciduous incisor root fragments.
Late 4-year old:
Float all molars and maintain bit seats.
Remove any retained molar caps.
Check eruption of third permanent molars.
Check eruption of canines in male horses.
Watch for blind canines in male horses.
Remove any retained third incisor caps.
5 years and on:
Routine floating and check-ups at least twice a year.
Maintain all bit seats on performance horses.
Maintain a well balanced mouth from the temporomandibular joint though the molars and incisors.
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